Mr. Altig’s Overview of the Wonderful Dharma of the Lotus Sutra

In assembly vast of seekers wise,
Bodhisattvas claim the highest prize,
As Lotus Sutra’s wisdom sings,
The foremost scripture, king of kings!

Just as Buddha’s sovereign reign,
Guides the Law on Dharma’s plane,
The Lotus Sutra, a peerless gem,
Rules all sutras, none condemn.

The Lotus Sutra 23: 2.16 (Poetic Version)

This verse celebrates the Lotus Sutra, which is considered one of the most important scriptures in Mahayana Buddhism. The passage conveys the significance and supremacy of the Lotus Sutra, as well as its relationship to the Buddha and the Bodhisattvas.

“In assembly vast of seekers wise,
Bodhisattvas claim the highest prize,”

This line suggests that among many spiritual seekers, it is the Bodhisattvas—those who vow to attain Buddhahood and help all sentient beings reach enlightenment—that achieve the highest form of understanding and wisdom.

“As Lotus Sutra’s wisdom sings,
The foremost scripture, king of kings!”

These lines praise the Lotus Sutra’s wisdom, asserting its status as the most superior scripture within the Buddhist canon, often referred to as the “king of kings” of sutras.

“Just as Buddha’s sovereign reign,
Guides the Law on Dharma’s plane,”

Here, the verse likens the Buddha’s teachings, or the Dharma, to a sovereign ruler who guides and governs the spiritual practices of those who follow the path of Buddhism.

“The Lotus Sutra, a peerless gem,
Rules all sutras, none condemn.”

These concluding lines reiterate the supremacy of the Lotus Sutra, describing it as an incomparable gem that surpasses all other sutras. Its wisdom is so profound and revered that no one would dare to criticize or question its teachings.

In summary, this verse extols the Lotus Sutra’s greatness and its unique position within the Buddhist tradition. It highlights the importance of the Bodhisattvas in their quest for enlightenment and emphasizes the role of the Buddha’s teachings in guiding practitioners on their spiritual journey.

Introduction

The Lotus Sutra, one of the most important and influential texts in Mahayana Buddhism, holds a special place in the hearts and minds of Buddhists across generations and cultures. Composed between the first century BCE and the first century CE, the Lotus Sutra contains various teachings, parables, and narratives that have profoundly influenced Buddhist thought, practice, and art. Its revolutionary teachings, such as the concept of the One Vehicle, the universal potential for Buddhahood, and the idea of skillful means, have shaped the development of Buddhism in East Asia and beyond. This essay will focus on Chapter 23, “History of the Bodhisattva Medicine King,” exploring its unique value within the broader context of the Lotus Sutra, its historical context, and the insights gained through ongoing practice.

“If there are sons and daughters of a virtuous family who, on hearing this sutra, can wholeheartedly embrace and uphold even a single four-line verse, they will gain blessings greater than those gained by offering the entire great manifold cosmos filled with the seven treasures.”

Lotus Sutra, chapter 23, section 2, paragraph 3

Historical Context: The Groundbreaking Teachings of the Lotus Sutra

The Lotus Sutra’s historical context is essential for understanding its significance within Mahayana Buddhism and its impact on the development of Buddhist thought, practice, and art. The text’s revolutionary teachings, such as the concept of the One Vehicle, the universal potential for Buddhahood, and the idea of skillful means, challenged previously held notions and expanded the scope of Buddhist teachings to include a more diverse and inclusive audience. The Lotus Sutra’s emphasis on compassion, inclusivity, and adaptability has made it a foundational text that inspires Buddhists and spiritual seekers across generations and cultures.

“This bodhisattva, in his quest for supreme perfect enlightenment, practiced various difficult austerities and always stayed in the contemplation of the profound significance of the principle of emptiness.”

Lotus Sutra, chapter 23, section 1, paragraph 4

Chapter 23: The History of the Bodhisattva Medicine King

In Chapter 23, “History of the Bodhisattva Medicine King,” the narrative focuses on the background of the Bodhisattva Medicine King and the extraordinary acts of devotion and sacrifice he made in his previous incarnation as Bodhisattva Joyfully Seen by All Living Beings. This chapter emphasizes embracing and expounding the Lotus Sutra as the highest form of devotion, surpassing even material or sacrificial offerings. It demonstrates the dedication and commitment of bodhisattvas in their pursuit of enlightenment and their willingness to sacrifice for the Buddha’s teachings.

The Story of Bodhisattva Joyfully Seen by All Living Beings

In the first section, we learn about the previous incarnation of the Bodhisattva Medicine King, Bodhisattva Joyfully Seen by All Living Beings. He was eternally grateful to hear the Lotus Sutra from Virtues as Pure and Brilliant as the Sun and Moon Buddha:

“The Buddha said to the bodhisattvas, ‘In the past, immeasurable, limitless, inconceivable, and innumerable kalpas ago, there was a Buddha named Virtues as Pure and Brilliant as the Sun and Moon, Tathagata, worthy of offerings, of right and universal knowledge, perfect clarity and conduct, well-gone, understanding the world, unexcelled worthy, trainer of people, teacher of heavenly and human beings, Buddha, Bhagavat.’”

Lotus Sutra, chapter 23, section 1, paragraph 2

Driven by profound devotion, Bodhisattva Joyfully Seen by All Living Beings made extraordinary offerings to the Buddha, culminating in the ultimate act of devotion by burning his body and arms. This story demonstrates the deep dedication and devotion of the Bodhisattva in seeking enlightenment through the teachings of the Buddha.

The Superiority of Embracing and Expounding the Lotus Sutra

In the second section, the Buddha teaches the unparalleled merits of embracing and expounding the Lotus Sutra compared to sacrificial and material offerings. The Lotus Sutra is presented as the King of all Sutras, and those who embrace it are comparable only with Tathagata:

“If there are sons and daughters of a virtuous family who, on hearing this sutra, can wholeheartedly embrace and uphold even a single four-line verse, they will gain blessings greater than those gained by offering the entire great manifold cosmos filled with the seven treasures.”

Lotus Sutra, chapter 23, section 2, paragraph 2

This teaching illustrates the incomparable power of the Lotus Sutra as the ultimate guide to enlightenment, emphasizing that even the acceptance of a single verse can lead to immense blessings.

The Message of Chapter 23: Dedication, Sacrifice, and Devotion

Throughout this exploration, it is crucial to recognize that the Lotus Sutra is a complex and nuanced text, and this essay’s interpretation is only one of many. Nevertheless, the message of chapter 23 remains crystal clear: the Lotus Sutra reigns supreme in its ability to lead individuals toward enlightenment. By examining the story of the Bodhisattva Medicine King, readers are reminded of the importance of dedication, sacrifice, and unwavering devotion to the Buddha’s teachings.

The Transformative Power of the Lotus Sutra Through Ongoing Practice

The practice of upholding even a single four-line stanza from the Lotus Sutra, as emphasized in Chapter 23, underscores the idea that even a minor engagement with the Lotus Sutra can lead to profound benefits and a deepening of one’s understanding of the Buddhist path. When integrated with the broader principles of the Buddhist path, such as the Eightfold Path, the teachings of the Lotus Sutra can lead to profound personal transformation, happiness, and spiritual growth. By engaging with the Lotus Sutra and upholding its teachings, individuals can cultivate the qualities of a bodhisattva, such as altruism, perseverance, and wisdom. These qualities enable them to face life’s challenges with courage and compassion and to act as positive forces for change in the world.

“Even if someone were to offer his own body and limbs as many times as there are sand grains in the Ganges as a gift to all the living beings in the six realms of existence, his merit would not be equal to that of the person who accepts and holds this sutra.”

Lotus Sutra, chapter 23, section 2, paragraph 3

Personal Reflections: The Impact of the Lotus Sutra on Daily Life

The teachings of the Lotus Sutra, particularly those found in Chapter 23, can be transformative in the lives of those who practice and uphold them. As personal experiences demonstrate, engaging with the Lotus Sutra and integrating its teachings into daily life can increase happiness, courage, and compassion. By sharing unique insights and reflections on the Lotus Sutra, readers can better understand its teachings’ practical applications and transformative potential, making them more accessible and relatable to individuals from various backgrounds.

Conclusion: The Unrivaled Power of the Lotus Sutra

In conclusion, the Lotus Sutra’s chapter 23, “History of the Bodhisattva Medicine King,” offers a powerful message about the unrivaled importance of embracing and expounding the Lotus Sutra. The story of the Bodhisattva Medicine King and his previous incarnation exemplifies the value of devotion and sacrifice in pursuing the Buddha’s teachings. By accepting and propagating the Lotus Sutra, individuals embark on the foremost path to enlightenment, transcending any merits gained from sacrificial or material offerings.

With its rich historical context and groundbreaking teachings, the Lotus Sutra has impacted the development of Buddhist thought, practice, and art. Chapter 23, “History of the Bodhisattva Medicine King,” highlights the importance of embracing and expounding the Lotus Sutra as the ultimate form of devotion, demonstrating the dedication and commitment of bodhisattvas in their pursuit of enlightenment. Through ongoing practice and personal reflection, the teachings of the Lotus Sutra can lead to profound personal transformation and spiritual growth, allowing individuals to cultivate the qualities of a bodhisattva and become positive forces for change in the world. By upholding the Lotus Sutra’s teachings, individuals can tap into its transformative power and find new ways to engage with the Buddhist path. Ultimately, the Lotus Sutra remains a foundational text that continues to inspire and guide individuals toward enlightenment, making it a vital source of wisdom and insight for Buddhists and spiritual seekers alike.